2021-07-30T15:44:37Z
Republic of Ethiopia (2008) EPA Standards for Industrial Pollution Control.pdf
Republic of Ethiopia (2008) EPA Standards for Industrial Pollution Control
Contents
STANDARDS FOR SPECIFIED INDUSTRIAL SECTORS
1 TANNING AND LEATHER FINISHING............................................................................................4
2 THE MANUFACTURE AND FINISHING OF TEXTILES....................................................................4
3 PROCESSING OF IRON AND STEEL...............................................................................................5
4 METAL WORKING, PLATING AND FINISHING ..............................................................................6
5 MALTING, BREWING, DISTILLING, THE PRODUCTION OF WINES AND OTHER ALCOHOLIC
LIQUOURS....................................................................................................................................7
6 MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR..........................................................................................................7
7 SLAUGHTERING, MEAT PROCESSING AND RENDERING .............................................................8
8 CEMENT MANUFACTURING.........................................................................................................8
9 PESTICIDE MANUFACTURING.......................................................................................................9
10 PESTICIDE FORMULATION..........................................................................................................9
11 PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING.....................................................................................10
12 PRINTING AND SURFACE COATING...........................................................................................10
Annexes 11
NOT FOR CITATION
This guidelines is still under development and shall be binding
after consensus is reached between the Environmental
Protection Authority and the Environmental Units of
Competent Sectoral Agencies
Page 1
Acronyms
AOX Absorbable organic halogen compounds
BOD Biological oxygen demand
COD Chemical oxygen demand
I-TEQ International toxicity equivalent
Kg/t kilograms per tonne
Kg/h kilograms per hour
mg/l milligrams per litre
mg/Nm3 milligrams per meter cubed under normal pressure and temperature
ng/Nm3 nanograms per meter cubed under normal pressure and temperature
OU Odour unit
PAH's polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PCB's Polychlorinated biphenyls
PCDD Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin
PCDF Polychlorinated dibenzofuran
ppm parts per million
ppb parts per billion
TDS Total dissolved solids
v/v Volume per volume
VOCs Volatile organic carbon
μc/ml micro cymene per milliliter
Page 2
Glossary
BOD5 at 200C The amount of oxygen used in biological oxidation at the end of the
fifth day following the incubation of a sample in the dark at 200 C.
COD A measure of the amount of oxygen required to oxidize the organic
and inorganic matter in waste water using a chemical oxidizing
agent.
Heavy metals Any metallic chemical element that has a high density and is toxic or
poisonous at low concentrations
Kjeldahl method The determination of organic nitrogen for the purpose of calculating
the protein contents in both human food and animal food.
mg/Nm3 milligrams per meter cubed under normal pressure and temperature
i.e. under a pressure of 760mm of Hg and a temperature of 200C.
Odour Organoleptic attributes perceptible by the olfactory organs on
shifting certain volatile substances.
Odour unit (OU) amount of odorant present in one cubic meter of odorous gas under a
normal atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 200C.
Rendering plant A plant which receives segregated animal wastes for processing
them into useful products.
Page 3
1. TANNING AND LEATHER FINISHING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 200 mg/l
COD 500 mg/l
Suspended solids 50 mg/l
Total ammonia (as N) 30 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 60 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 10 mg/l
Oils, fats, and grease 15 mg/l
Mineral oils at oil trap or interceptors 20 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 2 mg/l
Chromium (as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Chlorides (as Cl) 1000 mg/l
Sulphides (as S) 1 mg/l
Phenols 1 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value
Total particulates 50 mg/Nm3
Volatile organic carbons 75 g/m2 product produced
Total hydrogen sulphide, sulphides and mercaptans (as S) 5 ppm v/v
Ammonia 40 ppm v/v
Acid vapours (as HCl) 30 mg/Nm3
2. THE MANUFACTURE AND FINISHING OF TEXTILES
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Values
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 50 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 40 mg/l
COD (mg O2 /l) 150 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 10 mg/l
Suspended solids 30 mg/l
Total ammonia (as N) 20 mg/l
Oils, fats & grease 20 mg/l
Phenols 1 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.001 mg/l
Nickel (as Ni) 2 mg/l
Cobalt (as Co) 1 mg/l
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 mg/l
Antimony (as Sb) 2 mg/l
Tin (as Sn) 5 mg/l
Page 4
Chromium (as Cr VI)
Chromium (as total Cr)
0.1 mg/l
1 mg/l
Arsenic (as As) 0.25 mg/l
Cadmium (as Cd) 1 mg/l
Zinc (as Zn) 5 mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 2 mg/l
Mineral oils (Interceptors) 20 mg/l
Benzene, toluene & xylene (combined) 1 mg/l
Mineral oils (Biological Treatment) 5 mg/l
Organochlorine pesticides (as Cl) 0.03 mg/l
Mothproofing agents (as Cl) 0.003 mg/l
Organophosphorus pesticides (as P) 0.003 mg/l
Adsorbable organic halogen compounds (AOX) 5 mg/l
Sulphide (as S) 2 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value (mg/Nm3)
Particulate matter 50
Volatile organic carbons (as C)
(excluding formaldehyde)
50
Formaldehyde 20
Isocyanates (as NCO) 0.1
3. PROCESSING OF IRON AND STEEL
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
Suspended solids 20 mg/l
Mineral oils 20 mg/l
Cadmium (as Cd) 1 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/l
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 mg/l
Zinc (as Zn) 5 mg/l
Chromium ( as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Nickel (as Ni) 2 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value
Particulate matter 50 mg/Nm3
Hydrogen fluoride (as HF) 5 mg/Nm3
Mercury (as Hg) 0.05 mg/Nm3
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Page 5
Zinc (as Zn) 10 mg/Nm3
Chromium (as total Cr) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Nickel (as Ni) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Cadmium (as Cd) 0.05 mg/Nm3
NOx (as NO2) 1000 mg/Nm3
SOx (as SO2) 800 mg/Nm3
Dioxins as International Toxicity Equivalent(I-TEQ) 1 ng/Nm3
4. METAL WORKING, PLATING AND FINISHING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 5.5 – 9.5
Suspended Solids 25 mg/l
Mineral Oil 20 mg/l
Fluoride (as F) 50 mg/l
Phosphorus (as P) 10 mg/l
Arsenic (as As) 0.2 mg/l
Cadmium (as Cd) 0.5 mg/l
Cyanide (as free CN) 0.5 mg/l
Chromium ( as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 2 mg/l
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/l
Nickel (as Ni) 1 mg/l
Silver (as Ag) 1 mg/l
Zinc (as Zn) 1 mg/l
Total Metals 15 mg/l
Trichloroethane 0.1 mg/l
Trichloroethylene 0.1 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Substance Limit values
Particulate matter 10 mg/Nm3
Hydrogen fluoride (as HF) 5 mg/Nm3
Mercury (as Hg) 0.05 mg/Nm3
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Zinc (as Zn) 10 mg/Nm3
Chromium (as total Cr) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Nickel (as Ni) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Cadmium (as Cd) 0.05 mg/Nm3
NOx (as NO2) 300 mg/Nm3
SOx (as SO2) 300 mg/Nm3
Dioxins as International Toxicity Equivalent (I-TEQ) 1 ng/Nm3
Page 6
5. MALTING, BREWING, DISTILING, PRODUCTION OF WINES AND OTHER
ALCOHOLIC LIQUOURS
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 60 mg/l
COD 250 mg/l
Suspended solids 50 mg/l
Total ammonia (as N) 20 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 40 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Oils, fats, and grease 15 mg/l
Mineral oils at the oil trap or interceptor 20mg/l
LIMIT VALUES FOR EMISSIONS TO AIR
Parameter Limit value (mg/Nm3)
Total Particulates (at a mass flow of 0.5 kg/h or
above)
100
Hydrogen chloride (as HCl) (at a mass flow of 0.3 kg/
h or more)
30
6. MANFACTURE OF SUGAR
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 60 mg/l
COD 250 mg/l
Suspended solids 50 mg/l
Total ammonia (as N) 15 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 40 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Oils, fats, and grease 15 mg/l
Mineral oils at the oil trap or interceptor 20 mg/l
LIMIT VALUES FOR EMISSIONS TO AIR
Substance Limit value
Total particulates (at a mass flow of 0.5 kg/h or above) 100 mg/Nm3
Hydrogen chloride (as HCl) (at a mass flow of 0.3 kg/
h or more)
30 mg/Nm3
Page 7
7. SLAUGHTERING MEAT PROCESSING AND RENDERING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water from Slaughtering and Meat Processing Plants
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 80 mg/l
COD 250 mg/l
Suspended Solids 80 mg/l
Total ammonia (as N) 20 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 40 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Oils, fats, and grease 15 mg/l
Mineral oils at the oil trap or interceptor 20 mg/l
Total coliform bacteria (number per
100ml)
400 mg/l
LIMIT VALUES FOR EMISSIONS TO AIR FROM SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT PROCESSING
PLANTS
Parameters Limit value
(mg/Nm3 )
Total particulates (at a mass flow of 0.5 kg/h or above) 100
Hydrogen chloride (as HCl) (at a mass flow of 0.3 kg/h or
more)
30
Limit Values for Emissions to Air from Rendering Plants
Substance Limit value
Total particulates 100 mg/Nm3
Ammonia 50 ppm v/v
Amines 5 ppm v/v
Hydrogen sulphide, and mercaptans 5 ppm v/v
8. CEMENT MANUFACTURING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 25 mg/l
COD 150 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Suspended solids 50 mg/l
Mineral oils at the oil trap or interceptor 20 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value
Total particulates 150 mg/Nm3
Sulphur dioxide (as SO2) 1000 mg/Nm3
Nitrous oxide (as NO2) 2000 mg/Nm3
Page 8
9. PESTICIDE MANUFACTURING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 50 mg/l
COD 200 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 30 mg/l
Suspended solids 20 mg/l
Oils, fats, and greases 15 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Chromium (as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Phenols 1 mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 1 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/l
Active ingredient (each) 0.05 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value (mg/Nm3)
Total particulates 10
Volatile organic carbon compounds 50
Hydrogen chloride (as HCl) 20
Chlorine (or chloride) 5
10.PESTICIDE FORMULATION
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
COD 250 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 30 mg/l
Suspended solids 30 mg/l
Oils, fats, and greases 15 mg/l
AOX 2 mg/l
Organochlorines 0.1 mg/l
Nitroorganics 0.1 mg/l
Pyrethroids 0.1 mg/l
Phenoxy compounds 0.1 mg/l
Active ingredient 0.05 mg/l
Arsenic (as As) 0.2 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Chromium (as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Phenols 1mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 2 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value (mg/Nm3)
Total Particulates 10
Volatile organic carbon compounds 50
Hydrogen chloride (as HCl) 20
Page 9
Chlorine (or chloride) 5
Page 10
11. PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 50 mg/l
COD 250 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 30 mg/l
Suspended solids 30 mg/l
Oils, fats, and greases 15 mg/l
Absorbable organic halogen compounds (AOX) 2 mg/l
Organochlorines 0.1 mg/l
Active ingredient (each) 0.05 mg/l
Arsenic (as As) 0.2 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Chromium (as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Phenols 1 mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 2 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value (mg/Nm3)
Total particulates 50
Active ingredients 0.2
Organic compounds (Listed in Annex 1)
Class I 20
Class II 100
Class III 300
12.PRINTING AND SURFACE COATING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6.5 – 10
BOD5 at 20C 50 mg/l
COD 250 mg/l
Total Phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Total Nitrogen (as N) 30 mg/l
Suspended Solids 50 mg/l
Oils, Fats, and Greases 15 mg/l
Cadmium (as Cd) 0.2 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Chromium (as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 1 mg/l
Silver (as Ag) 1 mg/l
Zinc (as Zn) 5 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air from Surface Coating
The emissions to air from surface coating operations come from the evaporation of organic solvents in the
coatings. These consist primarily of Volatile Organic Components listed in annex I.
Solvent use or consumption Concentration (mg/Nm3)
Less than 15 tonnes per annum Class I 50
Class II 200
Class III 300
Greater than 15 tonnes per annum Class I 20
Class II 100
Class III 300
Page 11
Annex 1
Classification of Organic chemicals
An organic chemical is categorized as follows into one of 3 classes depending on the
dosage in mg/kg of body weight that kills 50% of human individuals that have taken it :
Oral lethal dose (LD50)
0 - 50 mg/kg - Class I
50 -500 mg/kg - Calss II
500 - 5000 mg/kg - Class III
Substance Empirical Formula Class
Acetaldehyde C2H4O I
Acetone C3H6O III
Acrylic acid C3H4O2 I
Alkyl alcohols III
Alkyl lead compounds I
Formic Acid CH2O2 I
Aniline C6H7N I
Biphenyl C12H10 I
2-Butanon C4H8O III
2-Butoxyethanol C6H14O2 II
Butyl acetate C6H12O2 III
Butyric aldehyde C4H8O II
Chloracetaldehyde C2H3ClO I
Chlorbenzene C6H5Cl II
2-Chlor-1,3-Butadiene C4H5C1 II
Chloroacetic acid C2H3C1O2 I
Chlorethane C2H5Cl III
Chlormethane CH3Cl I
2-Chlorpropane C3H7Cl II
-Chlortoluene C7H7Cl I
Cyclohexanon C6H10O II
Dibutylether C8H18O III
1,2-Dichlorbenzene C6H4Cl2 I
1,4-Dichlorbenzne C6H4Cl2 II
Dichlordifluormethane CCl2F2 III
1,1-Dichlorethane C2H4Cl2 II
1,1-Dichlorethylene C2H2Cl2 I
1,2-Dichlorethylene C2H2Cl2 III
Dichlormethane CH2Cl2 III
Dichlorphenol C6H4Cl2O I
Diethylamine C4H11N I
Diethylether C4H10O III
Page 12
Substance Empirical Formula Class
Substance Empirical Formula Class
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate C24H38O4 II
Diisopropyl ether C6H14O III
Dimethylamine C2H7N I
Dimethyl ether C2H6O III
N,N-Dimethylformamide C3H7NO II
2,6-Dimethylheptan-4-on C7H14O II
1,4-Dioxan C4H8O2 I
Acetic Acid C2H4O2 II
2-Ethoxyethanol C4H10O2 II
Ethyl acetate C4H8O2 III
Ethylacrylate C5H8O2 I
Ethylamine C2H7N I
Ethylbenene C8H10 II
Ethylen glycol C2H6O2 III
Formaldehyde CH2O I
2-Furaldehyde C5H4O2 I
Furfuryl alcohol C5H6O6 II
4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone C6H12O2 III
2,2-Iminodiethanol C4H11NO2 II
Isopropenylbenzene C9H10 II
Isoprophylbenzene C9H12 II
Carbon disulphide CS2 II
Cresols C7H8O I
Maleic anhydride C4H2O3 I
2-Methoxyethanol C3H8O2 II
Methyl acetate C3H6O2 II
Methyl acrylate C4H6O2 I
Methylamine CH5N I
Methyl benzoate C8H8O2 III
Methylcyclohexanons C7H12O II
Methyl formate C2H4O2 II
Methyl methacrylate C5H8O2 II
4-Methyl-2-pentanone C6H12O III
4-Methyl-m-phenylendiisocyanate C9H6N2O2 I
N-Methylpyrrolidone C5H9NO III
Naphthaline C10H8 II
Nitrobenzene C6H5NO2 I
Nitrocresols C7H7NO3 I
Nitrophenols C6H5NO3 I
Nitrotoluene C7H7NO2 I
Olefin hydrocarbons III
Paraffin hydrocarbons III
Phenol C6H6O I
Substance Empirical Formula Class
Pinenes C10H16 III
Page 13
Substance Empirical Formula Class
2-Propenal C3H4O I
Propionaldehyde C3H6O II
Propionic acid C3H6O2 II
Pyridine C5H5N I
Styrene C8H8 II
1,1,2,2-Tetrachlorethane C2H2Cl4 I
Tetrachlorethylene C2Cl4 II
Tetrachlormethane CCl4 I
Tetrahydrofuran C4H8O II
Thioalcohols I
Thioether I
Toluene C7H8 II
1,1,1-Trichlorethane C2H3Cl3 II
1,1,2-Trichlorethane C2H3Cl3 I
Trichlorethylene C2HCl3 II
Trichlormethane CHCl3 I
Trichlorphenols C6H3OCl3 I
Triethylamine C6H15N I
Trichlorfluormethane CCl3F III
Trimethylbenzenes C9H12 II
Vinyl acetate C4H6O2 II
Xylenols (except 2,4-Xylenol) C8H10O I
2,4-Xylenol C8H10O II
Xylenes C8H10 II
Page 14
Annex 2
Toxicity Equivalent Factor for Dioxins and Furans
There are a total of thirty PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs that are currently considered to
exhibit dioxin-like toxicity. This raises a problem for toxicity assessments where
measurements detect various levels of the different PCDD/PCDF/PCB congeners, each of
which has a different potential to elicit dioxin-like effects. Rather than perform thirty
individual assessments, scientists have developed the concept of toxicity equivalence to
sum the effects of dioxin-like chemicals. Each congener is given a toxicity equivalence
factor (TEF) based on its specific ability to elicit dioxin-like effects. The congener
2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is the most toxic of these and is given a toxicity
equivalence factor (TEF) of one. Other congeners are given TEFs that are fractions of
one. The total toxic equivalence quantity (TEQ) is the sum of all the individual
PCDD/PCDF/PCB concentrations multiplied by their specific TEFs.
Substance Equivalence Factors
2,3,7,8 – Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) 1
1,2,3,7,8 – Pentachlorodibenzodioxin (PeCDD) 0.5
1,2,3,4,7,8 – Hexachlorodibenzodioxin (HxCDD) 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9 – Hexachlorodibenzodioxin (HxCDD) 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8 – Hexachlorodibenzodioxin (HxCDD) 0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8 – Heptachlorodibenzodioxin (HpCDD) 0.01
Octachlorodibenzodioxin (OCDD) 0.001
2,3,7,8 – Tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) 0.1
2,3,4,7,8 – Pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF) 0.5
1,2,3,7,8 – Pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF) 0.05
1,2,3,4,7,8 – Hexachlorodibenzofuran (HxCDF) 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9 – Hexachlorodibenzofuran (HxCDF) 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8 – Hexachlorodibenzofuran (HxCDF) 0.1
2,3,4,6,7,8 – Hexachlorodibenzofuran (HxCDF) 0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8 – Heptachlorodibenzofuran (HpCDF) 0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8,9 – Heptachlorodibenzofuran (HpCDF) 0.01
Octachlorodibenzofuran (OCDF) 0.001
Page 15
Parameter
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Annex 2
Contents
STANDARDS FOR SPECIFIED INDUSTRIAL SECTORS
1 TANNING AND LEATHER FINISHING............................................................................................4
2 THE MANUFACTURE AND FINISHING OF TEXTILES....................................................................4
3 PROCESSING OF IRON AND STEEL...............................................................................................5
4 METAL WORKING, PLATING AND FINISHING ..............................................................................6
5 MALTING, BREWING, DISTILLING, THE PRODUCTION OF WINES AND OTHER ALCOHOLIC
LIQUOURS....................................................................................................................................7
6 MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR..........................................................................................................7
7 SLAUGHTERING, MEAT PROCESSING AND RENDERING .............................................................8
8 CEMENT MANUFACTURING.........................................................................................................8
9 PESTICIDE MANUFACTURING.......................................................................................................9
10 PESTICIDE FORMULATION..........................................................................................................9
11 PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING.....................................................................................10
12 PRINTING AND SURFACE COATING...........................................................................................10
Annexes 11
NOT FOR CITATION
This guidelines is still under development and shall be binding
after consensus is reached between the Environmental
Protection Authority and the Environmental Units of
Competent Sectoral Agencies
Page 1
Acronyms
AOX Absorbable organic halogen compounds
BOD Biological oxygen demand
COD Chemical oxygen demand
I-TEQ International toxicity equivalent
Kg/t kilograms per tonne
Kg/h kilograms per hour
mg/l milligrams per litre
mg/Nm3 milligrams per meter cubed under normal pressure and temperature
ng/Nm3 nanograms per meter cubed under normal pressure and temperature
OU Odour unit
PAH's polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PCB's Polychlorinated biphenyls
PCDD Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin
PCDF Polychlorinated dibenzofuran
ppm parts per million
ppb parts per billion
TDS Total dissolved solids
v/v Volume per volume
VOCs Volatile organic carbon
μc/ml micro cymene per milliliter
Page 2
Glossary
BOD5 at 200C The amount of oxygen used in biological oxidation at the end of the
fifth day following the incubation of a sample in the dark at 200 C.
COD A measure of the amount of oxygen required to oxidize the organic
and inorganic matter in waste water using a chemical oxidizing
agent.
Heavy metals Any metallic chemical element that has a high density and is toxic or
poisonous at low concentrations
Kjeldahl method The determination of organic nitrogen for the purpose of calculating
the protein contents in both human food and animal food.
mg/Nm3 milligrams per meter cubed under normal pressure and temperature
i.e. under a pressure of 760mm of Hg and a temperature of 200C.
Odour Organoleptic attributes perceptible by the olfactory organs on
shifting certain volatile substances.
Odour unit (OU) amount of odorant present in one cubic meter of odorous gas under a
normal atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 200C.
Rendering plant A plant which receives segregated animal wastes for processing
them into useful products.
Page 3
1. TANNING AND LEATHER FINISHING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 200 mg/l
COD 500 mg/l
Suspended solids 50 mg/l
Total ammonia (as N) 30 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 60 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 10 mg/l
Oils, fats, and grease 15 mg/l
Mineral oils at oil trap or interceptors 20 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 2 mg/l
Chromium (as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Chlorides (as Cl) 1000 mg/l
Sulphides (as S) 1 mg/l
Phenols 1 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value
Total particulates 50 mg/Nm3
Volatile organic carbons 75 g/m2 product produced
Total hydrogen sulphide, sulphides and mercaptans (as S) 5 ppm v/v
Ammonia 40 ppm v/v
Acid vapours (as HCl) 30 mg/Nm3
2. THE MANUFACTURE AND FINISHING OF TEXTILES
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Values
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 50 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 40 mg/l
COD (mg O2 /l) 150 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 10 mg/l
Suspended solids 30 mg/l
Total ammonia (as N) 20 mg/l
Oils, fats & grease 20 mg/l
Phenols 1 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.001 mg/l
Nickel (as Ni) 2 mg/l
Cobalt (as Co) 1 mg/l
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 mg/l
Antimony (as Sb) 2 mg/l
Tin (as Sn) 5 mg/l
Page 4
Chromium (as Cr VI)
Chromium (as total Cr)
0.1 mg/l
1 mg/l
Arsenic (as As) 0.25 mg/l
Cadmium (as Cd) 1 mg/l
Zinc (as Zn) 5 mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 2 mg/l
Mineral oils (Interceptors) 20 mg/l
Benzene, toluene & xylene (combined) 1 mg/l
Mineral oils (Biological Treatment) 5 mg/l
Organochlorine pesticides (as Cl) 0.03 mg/l
Mothproofing agents (as Cl) 0.003 mg/l
Organophosphorus pesticides (as P) 0.003 mg/l
Adsorbable organic halogen compounds (AOX) 5 mg/l
Sulphide (as S) 2 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value (mg/Nm3)
Particulate matter 50
Volatile organic carbons (as C)
(excluding formaldehyde)
50
Formaldehyde 20
Isocyanates (as NCO) 0.1
3. PROCESSING OF IRON AND STEEL
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
Suspended solids 20 mg/l
Mineral oils 20 mg/l
Cadmium (as Cd) 1 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/l
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 mg/l
Zinc (as Zn) 5 mg/l
Chromium ( as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Nickel (as Ni) 2 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value
Particulate matter 50 mg/Nm3
Hydrogen fluoride (as HF) 5 mg/Nm3
Mercury (as Hg) 0.05 mg/Nm3
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Page 5
Zinc (as Zn) 10 mg/Nm3
Chromium (as total Cr) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Nickel (as Ni) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Cadmium (as Cd) 0.05 mg/Nm3
NOx (as NO2) 1000 mg/Nm3
SOx (as SO2) 800 mg/Nm3
Dioxins as International Toxicity Equivalent(I-TEQ) 1 ng/Nm3
4. METAL WORKING, PLATING AND FINISHING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 5.5 – 9.5
Suspended Solids 25 mg/l
Mineral Oil 20 mg/l
Fluoride (as F) 50 mg/l
Phosphorus (as P) 10 mg/l
Arsenic (as As) 0.2 mg/l
Cadmium (as Cd) 0.5 mg/l
Cyanide (as free CN) 0.5 mg/l
Chromium ( as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 2 mg/l
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/l
Nickel (as Ni) 1 mg/l
Silver (as Ag) 1 mg/l
Zinc (as Zn) 1 mg/l
Total Metals 15 mg/l
Trichloroethane 0.1 mg/l
Trichloroethylene 0.1 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Substance Limit values
Particulate matter 10 mg/Nm3
Hydrogen fluoride (as HF) 5 mg/Nm3
Mercury (as Hg) 0.05 mg/Nm3
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Zinc (as Zn) 10 mg/Nm3
Chromium (as total Cr) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Nickel (as Ni) 0.5 mg/Nm3
Cadmium (as Cd) 0.05 mg/Nm3
NOx (as NO2) 300 mg/Nm3
SOx (as SO2) 300 mg/Nm3
Dioxins as International Toxicity Equivalent (I-TEQ) 1 ng/Nm3
Page 6
5. MALTING, BREWING, DISTILING, PRODUCTION OF WINES AND OTHER
ALCOHOLIC LIQUOURS
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 60 mg/l
COD 250 mg/l
Suspended solids 50 mg/l
Total ammonia (as N) 20 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 40 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Oils, fats, and grease 15 mg/l
Mineral oils at the oil trap or interceptor 20mg/l
LIMIT VALUES FOR EMISSIONS TO AIR
Parameter Limit value (mg/Nm3)
Total Particulates (at a mass flow of 0.5 kg/h or
above)
100
Hydrogen chloride (as HCl) (at a mass flow of 0.3 kg/
h or more)
30
6. MANFACTURE OF SUGAR
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 60 mg/l
COD 250 mg/l
Suspended solids 50 mg/l
Total ammonia (as N) 15 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 40 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Oils, fats, and grease 15 mg/l
Mineral oils at the oil trap or interceptor 20 mg/l
LIMIT VALUES FOR EMISSIONS TO AIR
Substance Limit value
Total particulates (at a mass flow of 0.5 kg/h or above) 100 mg/Nm3
Hydrogen chloride (as HCl) (at a mass flow of 0.3 kg/
h or more)
30 mg/Nm3
Page 7
7. SLAUGHTERING MEAT PROCESSING AND RENDERING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water from Slaughtering and Meat Processing Plants
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 80 mg/l
COD 250 mg/l
Suspended Solids 80 mg/l
Total ammonia (as N) 20 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 40 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Oils, fats, and grease 15 mg/l
Mineral oils at the oil trap or interceptor 20 mg/l
Total coliform bacteria (number per
100ml)
400 mg/l
LIMIT VALUES FOR EMISSIONS TO AIR FROM SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT PROCESSING
PLANTS
Parameters Limit value
(mg/Nm3 )
Total particulates (at a mass flow of 0.5 kg/h or above) 100
Hydrogen chloride (as HCl) (at a mass flow of 0.3 kg/h or
more)
30
Limit Values for Emissions to Air from Rendering Plants
Substance Limit value
Total particulates 100 mg/Nm3
Ammonia 50 ppm v/v
Amines 5 ppm v/v
Hydrogen sulphide, and mercaptans 5 ppm v/v
8. CEMENT MANUFACTURING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 25 mg/l
COD 150 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Suspended solids 50 mg/l
Mineral oils at the oil trap or interceptor 20 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value
Total particulates 150 mg/Nm3
Sulphur dioxide (as SO2) 1000 mg/Nm3
Nitrous oxide (as NO2) 2000 mg/Nm3
Page 8
9. PESTICIDE MANUFACTURING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 50 mg/l
COD 200 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 30 mg/l
Suspended solids 20 mg/l
Oils, fats, and greases 15 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Chromium (as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Phenols 1 mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 1 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/l
Active ingredient (each) 0.05 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value (mg/Nm3)
Total particulates 10
Volatile organic carbon compounds 50
Hydrogen chloride (as HCl) 20
Chlorine (or chloride) 5
10.PESTICIDE FORMULATION
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
COD 250 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 30 mg/l
Suspended solids 30 mg/l
Oils, fats, and greases 15 mg/l
AOX 2 mg/l
Organochlorines 0.1 mg/l
Nitroorganics 0.1 mg/l
Pyrethroids 0.1 mg/l
Phenoxy compounds 0.1 mg/l
Active ingredient 0.05 mg/l
Arsenic (as As) 0.2 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Chromium (as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Phenols 1mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 2 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value (mg/Nm3)
Total Particulates 10
Volatile organic carbon compounds 50
Hydrogen chloride (as HCl) 20
Page 9
Chlorine (or chloride) 5
Page 10
11. PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6 – 9
BOD5 at 20C 50 mg/l
COD 250 mg/l
Total phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Total nitrogen (as N) 30 mg/l
Suspended solids 30 mg/l
Oils, fats, and greases 15 mg/l
Absorbable organic halogen compounds (AOX) 2 mg/l
Organochlorines 0.1 mg/l
Active ingredient (each) 0.05 mg/l
Arsenic (as As) 0.2 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Chromium (as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Phenols 1 mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 2 mg/l
Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Parameter Limit value (mg/Nm3)
Total particulates 50
Active ingredients 0.2
Organic compounds (Listed in Annex 1)
Class I 20
Class II 100
Class III 300
12.PRINTING AND SURFACE COATING
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter Limit Value
Temperature 40 C
pH 6.5 – 10
BOD5 at 20C 50 mg/l
COD 250 mg/l
Total Phosphorus (as P) 5 mg/l
Total Nitrogen (as N) 30 mg/l
Suspended Solids 50 mg/l
Oils, Fats, and Greases 15 mg/l
Cadmium (as Cd) 0.2 mg/l
Chromium (as total Cr) 1 mg/l
Chromium (as Cr VI) 0.1 mg/l
Copper (as Cu) 1 mg/l
Silver (as Ag) 1 mg/l
Zinc (as Zn) 5 mg/l
Limit Values for Emissions to Air from Surface Coating
The emissions to air from surface coating operations come from the evaporation of organic solvents in the
coatings. These consist primarily of Volatile Organic Components listed in annex I.
Solvent use or consumption Concentration (mg/Nm3)
Less than 15 tonnes per annum Class I 50
Class II 200
Class III 300
Greater than 15 tonnes per annum Class I 20
Class II 100
Class III 300
Page 11
Annex 1
Classification of Organic chemicals
An organic chemical is categorized as follows into one of 3 classes depending on the
dosage in mg/kg of body weight that kills 50% of human individuals that have taken it :
Oral lethal dose (LD50)
0 - 50 mg/kg - Class I
50 -500 mg/kg - Calss II
500 - 5000 mg/kg - Class III
Substance Empirical Formula Class
Acetaldehyde C2H4O I
Acetone C3H6O III
Acrylic acid C3H4O2 I
Alkyl alcohols III
Alkyl lead compounds I
Formic Acid CH2O2 I
Aniline C6H7N I
Biphenyl C12H10 I
2-Butanon C4H8O III
2-Butoxyethanol C6H14O2 II
Butyl acetate C6H12O2 III
Butyric aldehyde C4H8O II
Chloracetaldehyde C2H3ClO I
Chlorbenzene C6H5Cl II
2-Chlor-1,3-Butadiene C4H5C1 II
Chloroacetic acid C2H3C1O2 I
Chlorethane C2H5Cl III
Chlormethane CH3Cl I
2-Chlorpropane C3H7Cl II
-Chlortoluene C7H7Cl I
Cyclohexanon C6H10O II
Dibutylether C8H18O III
1,2-Dichlorbenzene C6H4Cl2 I
1,4-Dichlorbenzne C6H4Cl2 II
Dichlordifluormethane CCl2F2 III
1,1-Dichlorethane C2H4Cl2 II
1,1-Dichlorethylene C2H2Cl2 I
1,2-Dichlorethylene C2H2Cl2 III
Dichlormethane CH2Cl2 III
Dichlorphenol C6H4Cl2O I
Diethylamine C4H11N I
Diethylether C4H10O III
Page 12
Substance Empirical Formula Class
Substance Empirical Formula Class
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate C24H38O4 II
Diisopropyl ether C6H14O III
Dimethylamine C2H7N I
Dimethyl ether C2H6O III
N,N-Dimethylformamide C3H7NO II
2,6-Dimethylheptan-4-on C7H14O II
1,4-Dioxan C4H8O2 I
Acetic Acid C2H4O2 II
2-Ethoxyethanol C4H10O2 II
Ethyl acetate C4H8O2 III
Ethylacrylate C5H8O2 I
Ethylamine C2H7N I
Ethylbenene C8H10 II
Ethylen glycol C2H6O2 III
Formaldehyde CH2O I
2-Furaldehyde C5H4O2 I
Furfuryl alcohol C5H6O6 II
4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone C6H12O2 III
2,2-Iminodiethanol C4H11NO2 II
Isopropenylbenzene C9H10 II
Isoprophylbenzene C9H12 II
Carbon disulphide CS2 II
Cresols C7H8O I
Maleic anhydride C4H2O3 I
2-Methoxyethanol C3H8O2 II
Methyl acetate C3H6O2 II
Methyl acrylate C4H6O2 I
Methylamine CH5N I
Methyl benzoate C8H8O2 III
Methylcyclohexanons C7H12O II
Methyl formate C2H4O2 II
Methyl methacrylate C5H8O2 II
4-Methyl-2-pentanone C6H12O III
4-Methyl-m-phenylendiisocyanate C9H6N2O2 I
N-Methylpyrrolidone C5H9NO III
Naphthaline C10H8 II
Nitrobenzene C6H5NO2 I
Nitrocresols C7H7NO3 I
Nitrophenols C6H5NO3 I
Nitrotoluene C7H7NO2 I
Olefin hydrocarbons III
Paraffin hydrocarbons III
Phenol C6H6O I
Substance Empirical Formula Class
Pinenes C10H16 III
Page 13
Substance Empirical Formula Class
2-Propenal C3H4O I
Propionaldehyde C3H6O II
Propionic acid C3H6O2 II
Pyridine C5H5N I
Styrene C8H8 II
1,1,2,2-Tetrachlorethane C2H2Cl4 I
Tetrachlorethylene C2Cl4 II
Tetrachlormethane CCl4 I
Tetrahydrofuran C4H8O II
Thioalcohols I
Thioether I
Toluene C7H8 II
1,1,1-Trichlorethane C2H3Cl3 II
1,1,2-Trichlorethane C2H3Cl3 I
Trichlorethylene C2HCl3 II
Trichlormethane CHCl3 I
Trichlorphenols C6H3OCl3 I
Triethylamine C6H15N I
Trichlorfluormethane CCl3F III
Trimethylbenzenes C9H12 II
Vinyl acetate C4H6O2 II
Xylenols (except 2,4-Xylenol) C8H10O I
2,4-Xylenol C8H10O II
Xylenes C8H10 II
Page 14
Annex 2
Toxicity Equivalent Factor for Dioxins and Furans
There are a total of thirty PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs that are currently considered to
exhibit dioxin-like toxicity. This raises a problem for toxicity assessments where
measurements detect various levels of the different PCDD/PCDF/PCB congeners, each of
which has a different potential to elicit dioxin-like effects. Rather than perform thirty
individual assessments, scientists have developed the concept of toxicity equivalence to
sum the effects of dioxin-like chemicals. Each congener is given a toxicity equivalence
factor (TEF) based on its specific ability to elicit dioxin-like effects. The congener
2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is the most toxic of these and is given a toxicity
equivalence factor (TEF) of one. Other congeners are given TEFs that are fractions of
one. The total toxic equivalence quantity (TEQ) is the sum of all the individual
PCDD/PCDF/PCB concentrations multiplied by their specific TEFs.
Substance Equivalence Factors
2,3,7,8 – Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) 1
1,2,3,7,8 – Pentachlorodibenzodioxin (PeCDD) 0.5
1,2,3,4,7,8 – Hexachlorodibenzodioxin (HxCDD) 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9 – Hexachlorodibenzodioxin (HxCDD) 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8 – Hexachlorodibenzodioxin (HxCDD) 0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8 – Heptachlorodibenzodioxin (HpCDD) 0.01
Octachlorodibenzodioxin (OCDD) 0.001
2,3,7,8 – Tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) 0.1
2,3,4,7,8 – Pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF) 0.5
1,2,3,7,8 – Pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF) 0.05
1,2,3,4,7,8 – Hexachlorodibenzofuran (HxCDF) 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9 – Hexachlorodibenzofuran (HxCDF) 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8 – Hexachlorodibenzofuran (HxCDF) 0.1
2,3,4,6,7,8 – Hexachlorodibenzofuran (HxCDF) 0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8 – Heptachlorodibenzofuran (HpCDF) 0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8,9 – Heptachlorodibenzofuran (HpCDF) 0.01
Octachlorodibenzofuran (OCDF) 0.001
Page 15
Parameter
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Parameter
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Limit Values for Discharges to Water
Limit Values for Emissions to Air
Annex 2
Phone numbers
5005000Phone numbers
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